Factors affecting the discharge curve of carbon-zinc batteries

The discharge rate is one of the key factors affecting the discharge curve of carbon-zinc batteries. A high discharge rate will increase the internal impedance of the battery, causing the voltage to drop faster. In the case of rapid discharge, the chemical reaction of the battery cannot keep up with the current demand, resulting in the actual available capacity of the battery being lower than the theoretical value. In contrast, a low discharge rate can release electrical energy more smoothly and extend the effective use time.
Temperature has a significant effect on the discharge performance of carbon-zinc batteries. In a high temperature environment, the chemical reaction rate of the battery increases, the discharge capacity is enhanced, and the initial voltage may rise slightly. However, high temperatures may also cause premature aging of the battery and reduce the cycle life. Conversely, a low temperature environment will slow down the discharge reaction, causing the voltage to drop faster and the battery's discharge capacity to drop significantly. Therefore, the use of carbon-zinc batteries should be carried out within the recommended temperature range to ensure good performance.
The initial state of the battery, including the state of charge and the state of health, will also affect the discharge curve. The higher the initial state of charge, the higher the discharge voltage is usually and the longer the duration. Batteries with poor health have increased internal impedance and the voltage drops rapidly during discharge, affecting the actual use of the battery.
The electrolyte and electrode materials of carbon-zinc batteries have a direct impact on the shape and persistence of the discharge curve. Highly conductive electrolytes can increase the ion migration rate, thereby optimizing the discharge performance. At the same time, the choice of electrode materials and surface characteristics will also affect the reaction rate. For example, electrodes with porous structures can provide a larger reaction surface area and improve the discharge capacity of the battery.